Oxygen Reduction Reaction Intechopen In this chapter, the oxygen reduction reaction (orr), which is one of the most important reactions in energy conversion systems such as fuel cells, including its reaction kinetics, is presented. recent developments in electrocatalysts for orr in fuel cells, including low and non pt electrocatalysts, metal oxides, transition metal macrocycles and chalgogenides, are discussed. understanding of. Oxygen reduction reaction (orr) has been the subject of extensive investigation over the last century [1]. this is largely because orr is of major importance to energy conversion, in particular in the field of fuel cells and metal air bateries [1–3]. orr is the most important cathodic process in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (pemfcs.
Oxygen Reduction Reaction Intechopen Intechopen. book topic oxygen reduction reaction. this book will be a self contained collection of scholarly papers targeting an audience of practicing researchers, academics, phd students and other scientists. the contents of the book will be written by multiple authors and edited by experts in the field. Heteroatom (metal and nonmetal) doping is essential to achieve excellent oxygen reduction reaction (orr) activity of carbon materials. among the heteroatoms that have been studied to date, sulfur (s) doping, including metal sulfides and sulfur atoms, has attracted tremendous attention. since s doping can modify spin density distributions around the metal centers as well as the synergistic. Understanding the structure evolution, kinetics, and mass transfer for the oxygen reduction reaction (orr) at the ionomer–catalyst interface is fundamental for the development of anion exchange membrane fuel cells (aemfcs). herein, we investigate the structural evolution of ionomer–pt interfaces during the activation process of polycrystalline pt (poly pt) electrodes and their orr kinetics. One of the major fuel cell limitations is the low rate of oxygen reduction (orr) at the cathode, which requires a large amount of expensive pt c platinum catalyst. thus, orr plays a critical role in determining the performance of a fuel cell. orr is a multi electron transfer reaction.
Oxygen Reduction Reaction Intechopen Understanding the structure evolution, kinetics, and mass transfer for the oxygen reduction reaction (orr) at the ionomer–catalyst interface is fundamental for the development of anion exchange membrane fuel cells (aemfcs). herein, we investigate the structural evolution of ionomer–pt interfaces during the activation process of polycrystalline pt (poly pt) electrodes and their orr kinetics. One of the major fuel cell limitations is the low rate of oxygen reduction (orr) at the cathode, which requires a large amount of expensive pt c platinum catalyst. thus, orr plays a critical role in determining the performance of a fuel cell. orr is a multi electron transfer reaction. Axial coordination engineering has emerged as an effective strategy to regulate the catalytic performance of metal‒n‒c materials for oxygen reduction reaction (orr). however, the orr mechanism and activity changes of their active centers modified by axial ligands are still unclear. In aerobic organism most of the oxygen is reduced to water in mitochondrial respiratory chain. however, a small proportion of the oxygen molecules (1% 2%) is converted to superoxide anion radical. these reactions occur in respiratory chain by complex i (nadh: ubiquinone oxidoreductase) and complex iii (ubiquinol: cytochrome c oxidoreductase) [12].
Oxygen Reduction Reaction Intechopen Axial coordination engineering has emerged as an effective strategy to regulate the catalytic performance of metal‒n‒c materials for oxygen reduction reaction (orr). however, the orr mechanism and activity changes of their active centers modified by axial ligands are still unclear. In aerobic organism most of the oxygen is reduced to water in mitochondrial respiratory chain. however, a small proportion of the oxygen molecules (1% 2%) is converted to superoxide anion radical. these reactions occur in respiratory chain by complex i (nadh: ubiquinone oxidoreductase) and complex iii (ubiquinol: cytochrome c oxidoreductase) [12].
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